前言#
在闲置的 Android 旧手机（无需 root）安装 ubuntu
准备#
下载 termux app，对应链接https://github.com/termux/termux-app/releases
换成国内镜像源
termux-change-repo
下载软件
pkg install vim
创建目录，设置存储权限
在手机的根目录创建目录 a，再进入 a 目录创建 file 目录
termux-setup-storage
#设置软链接
ln -s storage/shared/a/file file
安装 ubuntu#
下载 proot-distro#
pkg install proot-distro
下载 ubuntu#
有两种方式可下载 ubuntu
方式一：直接下载
#查看要安装的系统
proot-distro list
#下载安装ubuntu
proot-distro install ubuntu
方式二：压缩包安装
直接下载太慢的话，可以在 github 上先把镜像压缩包下载下来，具体链接：https://github.com/termux/proot-distro/releases/download/v4.18.0/ubuntu-noble-aarch64-pd-v4.18.0.tar.xz
将下载的压缩包文件放到手机的a/file目录，再移动到$PREFIX/var/lib/proot-distro/dlcache目录下，再执行proot-distro install ubuntu。具体命令：
#移动压缩包
mv ~/file/ubuntu-noble-aarch64-pd-v4.18.0.tar.xz $PREFIX/var/lib/proot-distro/dlcache
#执行下载命令
proot-distro install ubuntu
安装完成后，登录 ubuntu
proot-distro login ubuntu
换国内镜像源#
更新现有源
apt update -y
下载 ca-certificates
apt install ca-certificates -y
从 Ubuntu 24.04 开始，Ubuntu 的软件源配置文件变更为 DEB822 格式
#将One-Line-Style配置文件注释
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
#创建配置文件，使用DEB822格式
vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
Types: deb
URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
# Types: deb-src
# URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports
# Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
Types: deb
URIs: http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/
Suites: noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# Types: deb-src
# URIs: http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/
# Suites: noble-security
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# Types: deb
# URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports
# Suites: noble-proposed
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# # Types: deb-src
# # URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports
# # Suites: noble-proposed
# # Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# # Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 更新
apt update -y && apt upgrade -y
远程连接#
apt install openssh-server -y
#修改/etc/ssh/sshd_config，取消以下内容的注释并修改
Port 8253 #使用数字较小的端口不会生效
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
service ssh start
service ssh status
#设置开机自启
update-rc.d ssh enable
若 ssh 开机自启不生效在~/.bashrc文件中追加service ssh start。
echo "service ssh start" >> ~/.bashrc