Slim缩小容器镜像大小

前言#

🔜Slim🔚

GitHub - slimtoolkit/slim： Slim（toolkit）：不要更改容器镜像中的任何内容，并将其缩小多达 30 倍（对于编译语言甚至更多），使其也安全！（免费和开源）

Slim 是一个在不更改容器镜像的情况下，将其大小缩小多大 30 倍的容器工具。并且该工具兼容多种平台和架构。本文主要介绍 Linux 平台 X86_64 架构的 Slim 的使用。

github 上官方给出了以下容器镜像优化前后大小的示例：

Node.js 应用程序映像：

从 ubuntu：14.04 - 432MB => 14MB （缩小 30.85X)

来自 debian：jessie - 406MB => 25.1MB （缩小 16.21X）)

来自 node：alpine - 66.7MB => 34.7MB（缩小 1.92 倍）)

来自 node：distroless - 72.7MB => 39.7MB （缩小 1.83 倍）)

Python 应用程序映像：

从 ubuntu：14.04 - 438MB => 16.8MB （缩小 25.99X)

来自 python：2.7-alpine - 84.3MB => 23.1MB （缩小 3.65 倍）)

从 python：2.7.15 - 916MB => 27.5MB （缩小 33.29X)

从 centos：7 - 647MB => 23MB （缩小 28.57 倍）)

从 centos/python-27-centos7 - 700MB => 24MB（缩小 29.01X）)

从 python2.7：distroless 开始 - 60.7MB => 18.3MB （缩小 3.32 倍）)

Ruby 应用程序映像：

从 ubuntu：14.04 - 433MB => 13.8MB （缩小 31.31X)

来自 ruby：2.2-alpine - 319MB => 27MB （缩小 11.88X)

从 ruby：2.5.3 - 978MB => 30MB （缩小 32.74X)

Go 应用程序映像：

来自 golang：latest - 700MB => 1.56MB （缩小 448.76X)

从 ubuntu：14.04 - 531MB => 1.87MB （缩小 284.10X)

来自 golang：alpine - 258MB => 1.56MB （缩小 165.61X)

从 centos：7 - 615MB => 1.87MB （缩小 329.14X)

Rust 应用程序镜像：

从 rust：1.31 - 2GB => 14MB （缩小 147.16X)

Java 应用程序映像：

从 ubuntu：14.04 - 743.6 MB => 100.3 MB

PHP 应用程序映像：

从 php：7.0-cli - 368MB => 26.6MB （缩小 13.85 倍）)

Haskell 应用程序图像：

（Scotty 服务）从 haskell 开始：8 - 2.09GB => 16.6MB （缩小 125.32X)

（Scotty 服务）从 haskell 开始：7 - 1.5GB => 21MB （缩小 71X）

Elixir 应用程序图片：

（Phoenix 服务）从 elixir：1.6 - 1.1 GB => 37 MB （缩小 29.25 倍）)

安装并使用 Slim#

Slim 提供了多种安装方式，包括解二进制文件解压安装、使用脚本一键安装、拉取镜像安装。此处以 nginx、tomcat、httpd 镜像为例，进行镜像缩小。

二进制文件解压安装#

# 下载二进制文件
curl -L -o ds.tar.gz https://github.com/slimtoolkit/slim/releases/download/1.40.11/dist_linux.tar.gz
#解压文件并移动安装程序
tar -xvf ds.tar.gz
mv  dist_linux/slim /usr/local/bin/
mv  dist_linux/slim-sensor /usr/local/bin/
#查看版块
slim -v


#执行缩小命令
slim build 镜像ID

脚本一键安装#

此方式可在 Linux（x86 和 ARM）和 macOS（x86 和 Apple Silicon）上使用。

curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/slimtoolkit/slim/master/scripts/install-slim.sh | sudo -E bash -

#执行缩小命令
slim build 镜像ID

镜像缩小前大小

docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 39286ab8a5e1 3 weeks ago 188MB
tomcat latest c2a444ea6cd7 4 weeks ago 508MB

执行命令缩小

slim build 39286ab8a5e1
cmd=build info=param.http.probe message='using default probe'
cmd=build state=started
cmd=build info=params image-build-engine='internal' target.type='image' target.image='39286ab8a5e1' continue.mode='probe' rt.as.user='true' keep.perms='true' tags=''
cmd=build state=image.inspection.start
cmd=build info=image id='sha256:39286ab8a5e14aeaf5fdd6e2fac76e0c8d31a0c07224f0ee5e6be502f12e93f3' size.bytes='187706879' size.human='188 MB'
cmd=build info=image.stack id='sha256:39286ab8a5e14aeaf5fdd6e2fac76e0c8d31a0c07224f0ee5e6be502f12e93f3' index='0' name='nginx'
......

slim build c2a444ea6cd7
cmd=build info=param.http.probe message='using default probe'
cmd=build state=started
cmd=build info=params continue.mode='probe' rt.as.user='true' keep.perms='true' tags='' image-build-engine='internal' target.type='image' target.image='c2a444ea6cd7'
cmd=build state=image.inspection.start
cmd=build info=image size.bytes='507583233' size.human='508 MB' id='sha256'
cmd=build info=image.stack id='sha256' index='0' name='tomcat'
cmd=build info=image.exposed_ports list='8080/tcp'
cmd=build state=image.inspection.done
cmd=build state=container.inspection.start
cmd=build info=container status='created' name='slimk_5648_20240905085045' id='a62eca6f410e99620c4050b063ab6d8ebe1d0b60340e0ac47da88dce4902f97c'
......

镜像缩小后大小

docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
tomcat.slim latest 97901079a904 21 seconds ago 212MB
nginx.slim latest 9131fc2c397d 3 minutes ago 13.3MB
nginx latest 39286ab8a5e1 3 weeks ago 188MB
tomcat latest c2a444ea6cd7 4 weeks ago 508MB

容器安装#

#拉取镜像
docker pull dslim/slim
#执行缩小命令
docker run -it --rm -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock dslim/slim build 镜像ID

镜像缩小前大小

docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
tomcat.slim latest 97901079a904 7 minutes ago 212MB
nginx.slim latest 9131fc2c397d 10 minutes ago 13.3MB
nginx latest 39286ab8a5e1 3 weeks ago 188MB
tomcat latest c2a444ea6cd7 4 weeks ago 508MB
httpd latest 9cb0a2315602 7 weeks ago 148MB
dslim/slim latest 6205a57fba8b 7 months ago 56.3MB

执行镜像缩小命令

docker run -it --rm -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock dslim/slim build 9cb0a2315602

cmd=build info=param.http.probe message='using default probe'
cmd=build state=started
cmd=build info=params continue.mode='probe' rt.as.user='true' keep.perms='true' tags='' image-build-engine='internal' target.type='image' target.image='9cb0a2315602'
cmd=build state=image.inspection.start
cmd=build info=image id='sha256:9cb0a231560203a9b46325ef6dfe0d21d524813acb74447fd276b9813a9fdd44' size.bytes='148177949' size.human='148 MB'
cmd=build info=image.stack index='0' name='httpd' id='sha256:9cb0a231560203a9b46325ef6dfe0d21d524813acb74447fd276b9813a9fdd44'
cmd=build info=image.exposed_ports list='80/tcp'
cmd=build state=image.inspection.done
cmd=build state=container.inspection.start
cmd=build info=container status='created' name='slimk_1_20240905090155' id='6d058318cd7729d4e3831a4aecb5d2884853bc2efbf1d6a6d233f04ade3225a5'
cmd=build info=container status='running' name='slimk_1_20240905090155' id='6d058318cd7729d4e3831a4aecb5d2884853bc2efbf1d6a6d233f04ade3225a5'
cmd=build info=container message='obtained IP address' ip='172.17.0.3'
cmd=build info=cmd.startmonitor status='sent'
cmd=build info=event.startmonitor.done status='received'
cmd=build info=container name='slimk_1_20240905090155' id='6d058318cd7729d4e3831a4aecb5d2884853bc2efbf1d6a6d233f04ade3225

......

镜像缩小后大小

docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
httpd.slim latest 692af09a91c2 57 seconds ago 8.13MB
tomcat.slim latest 97901079a904 9 minutes ago 212MB
nginx.slim latest 9131fc2c397d 12 minutes ago 13.3MB
nginx latest 39286ab8a5e1 3 weeks ago 188MB
tomcat latest c2a444ea6cd7 4 weeks ago 508MB
httpd latest 9cb0a2315602 7 weeks ago 148MB
dslim/slim latest 6205a57fba8b 7 months ago 56.3MB